[
  {
    "case_id": "C001",
    "action_date": "2019-08-21",
    "jurisdiction": "Sweden",
    "authority_or_court": "IMY / Skelleftea municipality",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition in education",
    "action_type": "Final fine",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "20000",
    "summary": "Municipality fined for attendance tracking using facial recognition on students.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C002",
    "action_date": "2020-02-05",
    "jurisdiction": "Netherlands",
    "authority_or_court": "Hague District Court / Dutch State",
    "legal_regime": "ECHR/privacy/public law",
    "ai_domain": "Welfare risk scoring",
    "action_type": "Court ruling",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "SyRI welfare-fraud risk legislation held unlawful.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C003",
    "action_date": "2021-06-10",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Foodinho",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR + labour law",
    "ai_domain": "Algorithmic management",
    "action_type": "Final order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "2600000",
    "summary": "Food delivery platform sanctioned for opaque ranking/profiling and excessive worker data practices.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C004",
    "action_date": "2021-07-22",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Deliveroo Italy",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR + labour law",
    "ai_domain": "Algorithmic management",
    "action_type": "Final order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "2500000",
    "summary": "Deliveroo Italy fined over opaque algorithms and disproportionate rider monitoring.",
    "confidence": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C005",
    "action_date": "2022-02-10",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Final order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "20000000",
    "summary": "Clearview fined, banned, ordered to erase data and appoint EU representative.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C006",
    "action_date": "2022-07-13",
    "jurisdiction": "Greece",
    "authority_or_court": "Hellenic DPA / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Final order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "20000000",
    "summary": "Clearview fined and ordered to delete Greek data and stop collection/processing.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C007",
    "action_date": "2022-10-19",
    "jurisdiction": "France",
    "authority_or_court": "CNIL / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Final sanction",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "20000000",
    "summary": "CNIL imposed maximum financial penalty and deletion/compliance order.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C008",
    "action_date": "2023-02-03",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Luka Replika",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Emergency limitation",
    "status": "Interim",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Replika ordered to stop processing Italian user data pending safeguards.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C009",
    "action_date": "2023-03-31",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / OpenAI ChatGPT",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Temporary limitation + inquiry",
    "status": "Interim",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "OpenAI faced temporary limitation on Italian users data processing.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C010",
    "action_date": "2023-04-13",
    "jurisdiction": "France",
    "authority_or_court": "CNIL / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Overdue penalty payment",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "5200000",
    "summary": "CNIL imposed overdue penalty payment after non-compliance.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C011",
    "action_date": "2023-04-28",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / OpenAI ChatGPT",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Compliance step",
    "status": "Compliance",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Service restored after transparency, rights and age-gating measures.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C012",
    "action_date": "2023-05-10",
    "jurisdiction": "Austria",
    "authority_or_court": "Austrian SA / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Final decision",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Erasure of complainant data and EU representative designation ordered.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C013",
    "action_date": "2023-12-07",
    "jurisdiction": "EU",
    "authority_or_court": "CJEU / SCHUFA",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR Article 22",
    "ai_domain": "Automated credit scoring",
    "action_type": "Judgment",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Automated score generation can constitute automated individual decision-making.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C014",
    "action_date": "2024-01-29",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / OpenAI ChatGPT",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Statement of objections",
    "status": "Procedural",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Italian DPA notified OpenAI of alleged privacy-law breaches.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C015",
    "action_date": "2024-09-03",
    "jurisdiction": "Netherlands",
    "authority_or_court": "Dutch DPA / Clearview AI",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Facial recognition scraping",
    "action_type": "Final decision",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "30500000",
    "summary": "Dutch DPA imposed EUR 30.5m fine and penalty orders.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C016",
    "action_date": "2024-11-15",
    "jurisdiction": "France",
    "authority_or_court": "CNIL / Interior Ministry and communes",
    "legal_regime": "Data protection + criminal procedure",
    "ai_domain": "Video analytics / augmented cameras",
    "action_type": "Compliance orders",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "CNIL issued formal notices concerning BriefCam video-analysis software.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C017",
    "action_date": "2024-11-13",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Foodinho",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR + labour law",
    "ai_domain": "Rider biometrics and geolocation",
    "action_type": "Final order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "5000000",
    "summary": "Foodinho fined EUR 5m; biometric verification banned; deletion ordered.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C018",
    "action_date": "2024-12-20",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / OpenAI ChatGPT",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Fine announcement",
    "status": "Contested",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "15000000",
    "summary": "EUR 15m fine announced; underlying decision later affected by appeal.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C019",
    "action_date": "2025-01-28",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / DeepSeek",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Information request",
    "status": "Procedural",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Italian DPA requested information from DeepSeek.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C020",
    "action_date": "2025-01-30",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / DeepSeek",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Urgent block / limitation order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Definitive limitation of Italian processing ordered.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C021",
    "action_date": "2025-02-27",
    "jurisdiction": "EU",
    "authority_or_court": "CJEU / Dun & Bradstreet Austria",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR Article 15/22",
    "ai_domain": "Automated credit assessment",
    "action_type": "Judgment",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Explanation must enable the data subject to understand and challenge the automated decision.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C022",
    "action_date": "2025-04-10",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "Garante / Luka Replika",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Generative AI chatbot",
    "action_type": "Final fine + compliance order",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "5000000",
    "summary": "Luka/Replika fined EUR 5m; new training-method investigation opened.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C023",
    "action_date": "2025-05-30",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "AGCM / ScaleUp NOVA AI",
    "legal_regime": "Consumer protection",
    "ai_domain": "AI chatbot hallucination disclosure",
    "action_type": "Investigation opening",
    "status": "Ongoing",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Consumer-law investigation into hallucination disclosure and service characteristics.",
    "confidence": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C024",
    "action_date": "2025-06-03",
    "jurisdiction": "Spain",
    "authority_or_court": "AEPD / UIV",
    "legal_regime": "GDPR",
    "ai_domain": "Biometric AI exam proctoring",
    "action_type": "Resolution summary",
    "status": "Final",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "AEPD rejected legal basis for mandatory biometric facial-recognition exam monitoring.",
    "confidence": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C025",
    "action_date": "2025-07-30",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "AGCM / Meta",
    "legal_regime": "Competition law",
    "ai_domain": "Chatbot integration in WhatsApp",
    "action_type": "Antitrust investigation launch",
    "status": "Ongoing",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Article 102 TFEU investigation into Meta AI integration.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C026",
    "action_date": "2025-11-26",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "AGCM / Meta",
    "legal_regime": "Competition law",
    "ai_domain": "Chatbot platform access terms",
    "action_type": "Interim-measures procedure",
    "status": "Ongoing",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "Possible emergency measures opened.",
    "confidence": "High"
  },
  {
    "case_id": "C027",
    "action_date": "2025-12-24",
    "jurisdiction": "Italy",
    "authority_or_court": "AGCM / Meta",
    "legal_regime": "Competition law",
    "ai_domain": "Chatbot platform foreclosure",
    "action_type": "Interim order",
    "status": "Interim",
    "monetary_penalty_eur": "",
    "summary": "WhatsApp Business Solution terms suspended.",
    "confidence": "High"
  }
]